Calculating machine



Feb. 22, 1944. G. c. CHASE CALCULATING MACHINE l5 Sheets-Sheet 1 FiledApril 29, 1941 INVENTOR C 20 r 7735 wjATToRNEY 15 Sheets-Sheet 2 N -Akvhh INVENTOR Q 0]9 7mse /fix rromm 5% fizZw Feb. 22, 1944. I Q Q j s2,342,529

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CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTORGeor9h5 Feb. 22 1944. c A E 2,342,529

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15 Sheets-kinet 'r I I I I I II I I I l I I INVENTOR 6 g ifl efiase I I wflTTORNEY Feb. 22, 1944. G.c. CHASE CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15 Sheets-Sheet 8 V ORfiaee A :5

We i -1 Feb. 22, Q CH S CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 I v 15Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR G801? 636,635:

Feb. 22, 1944. G. c. CHASE CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29. 1941 15Sheets-Sheet l0 lllllll INVENTOR e 0 l e Feb. 22, G c CH S CALCULATINGMACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15 Sheets-Sheet ll INVENTOR edfhas e zwFeb. 22, 1944. c CHASE CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 2 9, 1941 15Sheets-Sheet 12 M\ w mbmh \ww E INVENTOR Feb. 22, 1944. A qc. CHASE2,342,529

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15 Sheets-Sheet l3 INVENTORGeozggGC ase Feb. 22, G c 'c CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 1941 15Sheets-Sheet 14 1,". m mm H, mun,

1114 In v 1 1/ 11/ INVEISTOR Geo/-96 Q zTTORNEY Feb. 22, 1944.. G, CHASE2,342,529

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed April 29, 19,41 15 Sheets-Sheet l5 PatentedFeb. 22, 1944 f CALCULATING MACHINE George C. Chase, South Orange, N.1., assignor to Monroe Calculating Machine Company,

Orange, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application Apr-i129, 1941,Serial No. 390,945

Claims.

The invention has relation to calculating machines and more particularlyto multiplier mechanism therefor.

difference between the tens and the complement of the units which wouldbe registered in each order, instead of the sum of the tens and theunits, and the maximum difference is 9) whereas the maximum sum is 17.The difference, of course,

' may be plus or minus, the actuators being adapted to be operated ineither direction from a central' position as hereinafter described. Forexample, the partial product 72 has heretofore been registered as seventens and two units, whereas it is proposed to be registered as 80 minus8. According to this system the partial product table is rewritten asshown in Fig. 4.

Another feature of the invention relates to the adaptation of printingmechanism to a machine in which the. units partial products aresubtracted and the tens of partial products added, and to the meanswhereby simpleadditions and subtractions may be made in such a machine.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts, as set' forth in the appended claims.

The invention is herein shown as applied to a listing calculator ofthegeneral type disclosed in the United States patent issued toClyde-Gardner, deceased, July 12, 1932, No. 1,867,002, as modified bythe disclosures of United States Pat- October 21, 1931, to ClydeGardner, deceased. The present application is a continuation in part ofapplication serial No. 341,402, filed June 20, 1940.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating the invention:

Figs. 1 and 2 are left hand and front elevations respectively of asimplified form of mechanism embodying the principles of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a series of detail elevations, showing the configuration ofthe partial product plates.

Fig. 4 is a table illustrating the values related to the index faces ofthe partial product plates.

Fig. 5 is a plan view of a machine embodying the invention.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken through the keyboard, accumulator,printing and multiplying mechanisms.

Fig; 7 is a detail plan view of the split printing mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a detail rear elevation of the platen carriage tabulatingmeans.

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary rear elevation of the machine, with the platencarriage removed and showing certain parts controlling the accumulatorselecting clutch.

Fig. 10 is a left hand elevation of the machine with the casing removedand the side frame cut No. 1,932,013 issued to Loring P. Crosman onapplication Serial No. 390,946 of even date herewith filed by Loring P.Crosman- (corresponding in part to British Patent No. 518,840) and dis-.closingthe means for registering and recording the product of two presetfactors by a single continuous operation. The accumulator and tenstransfer mechanismds of the crawl carry type and of well known structuresuch as disclosed broken away, showing the accumulator selectingassociated mechanisms.

Fig. 15 is a front elevation, with casing broken away, showing themultiplicand and multiplier storage devices.

Fig. 16 is a bottom plan view of the same and Fig. 19 is a detail planview, with parts broken away, of a portion of the program control mech-Fig. 20 is a fragmentary right hand elevation of the accumulatoractuating mechanism.

in United States Patent No. 1,828,180 issued 88 F18. 21 isa fragmentaryperspective view of the factor carriage, showing one set of partial product plates.

In 'order to set forth the basic principles of this invention insimplified form, Figs. 1 to 4 with the printing of both factors and theproduct,

and to the combination with this multiplying mechanism of devices forthe performance of simple adding, subtracting and listing operations;The constructions set forth in Figs. 5 to will be described in Part IIof the specification.

PART I The machine shown in Figs. 1 to 4 provides for a seven digitmultiplicand, a five digit multiplier, and a twelve digit product. Themultiplicand is set into a series of partial product plates 5| i, therebeing nine of these plates connected to form a unit in each order, eachplate representing all of the partial product values of a digit of themultiplier, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The nine plates of each order ar fast upon the sleeve of a relatedsetting plate 512, adapted to be manually adjusted in acounter-clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 1, in'accordance with themultiplicand value. The multiplicand storage units (comprising theplates 5 and setting plate 5| 2) are. loosely mounted upon a transverseshaft 5l3 supported upon plates 5M, 5l5 and forming therewith atransversely shi'ftable factor carriage, said carriage being slideablysupported upon transverse rods 5l'5, 5H. The carriage may be normallypositioned either in its extremeright or left hand position, sincemultiplication may be effected from right to left or from left to right,as desired. f

The plates 5 are cut to varying radial depths according to the units andtens partial product plier plates, since there would b no multiplyinoperation necessary for zero, the operator merely shifting the carriagethrough a zero multiplier to the next order.

Inasmuch as units of partial products are subtracted in this machineinstead of being added as in prior art machines, the mechanism for theregistration of the tens partial product digits serves as the normalregistering and printing mechanism in other operations (addition andsubtraction) for the printing of the factors and the product inmultiplication, and for the installation of multiplicands from thekeyboard, as described in the complete machine set forth in Part II.Consequently, this invention involves not only the provision of animproved multiplying mechanism, but necessitates the solution of severalancillary problems in the adaptation of the reorganized mechanism toother uses.

In a 7 x 5 x 12 place machine there would be twelve pairs of feelers529, 530, the feelers 529 cooperating with the units portion of thepartial product plates 5| l and the feelers 530 cooperating with thetens portions of said plates to control registrations upon accumulator413 in the following manner:

For each order of the machine there is fulcrumed upon transverse shaft506 (Fig. l) a three-legged diiferentia1 mechanism comprising an outputgear segment 6l0 adapted to engage with accumulator 413, and the inputleg segments values of the presentsystem of registration,

shown'by the table of Fig. 4.

The multiplicand setting is adapted to control the pivotal movement ofthe plates 5 to bring the appropriate notches to a feeling line whilethe multiplier setting is accomplished digit by digit, by shifting thefactor carriage in each decade and to a position therein at which theappropriate multiplier value plates are brought each into cooperativeposition with a related pair in the forward framing of the machine, said0 ces being numbered from zero to nine, reprea 180 rotation of crank 504is adapted to shift the factor carriage one decade, or ten steps ofmovement. In a five place multiplier machine,

the crank 504 is limited to two and one half revolutions. It is to benoted that the setting plates 5| 2 occupy the tenth zone in lieu of zeromultisenting the multiplier digits. As shown in Fig. 2,

- chine.-

500 and 505 having engagement with a planet gear 502 mounted uponsegment 6 l 0.

The segments 500'serve several purposes, as will be subsequentlyexplained. Each segment is connected by a link 535'with a tens feelerlever 530. Inasmuch as a tens partial product digit is never registeredin the lowest order, the stepped partial product plate of lowest ordernever controls the movement of the lowest order segment 500. When thefactor carriage is in its extremeright hand registering position thelowest order partial product plate aligns with the tens order ofthe ma-The units feeler lever in each order is connected by a link 584 with these m nt 505 of next lower order.

As described in the reference patents, during an additive cycle ofoperation the accumulator 413 will be disengaged from the racks 5l0 uponthe firstpart of the forward stroke of a machine cycle and reengageduring the first portion of the return stroke, prior to the movement ofracks 8H1.

These racks are operated as follows:

Pivotally mounted'upona rock frame BIB supported upon shaft 506 arelatching dogs 6|! having engagement with studs 559 fast to the tens ICounter clockwise movement of the tens segments 500 is adapted to imparta counter-clockwise rotation to the floating actuating segments 5|0.

Fast to the rock frame BIB is a stud 622 having engagement withan arm.623 of a ball 501, pivl y supported upon transverse shaft 301 andextending transversely of the links 584 ofthe units leg 5050f thedifferentials.

During the above described movement of frame GIG stud 622 will move awayfrom bail 501, whereupon links 584 will be moved forwardly underinfluence of their respective springs 599 to ima clockwise orcounter-clockwise direction in ac- I cordance with the resultantdifierence between the limited movement of the tens feeler 530 of therelated order and that of the units feeler 529 of the adjacent'higherorder. Upon the return stroke of a machine cycle of operation,the'accumulators "3 are engaged with actuating seg-.

ments Gill and the parts returned to normal, so that said resultantvalues will be registered upon the accumulators as illustrated in thefollowing example:

As stated above, the factor carriage may be initially positioned at theextreme right, or the extreme left. If at the right, the group of ninepartial product plates of the lowest (units) order of the carriage standrelated to the tens order of registering mechanism. .If at the left, theunits order plates of the carriage would stand related with the hundredsof thousands registering order. We shall assume in this example that thecarriage is initially at the left, and is shifted toward the right inmaking the computation.

The multiplicand is installed by manipulation of the extended arms ofthe plates 512 in the thousands and hundreds orders of the carriage, tobring them to the positions 5 and 4 (Fig. 1) respectively.

Now since naughts appear in the two highest multiplier orders and a 7 inthe third order, the crank 504 is rotated 1% revolutions; that is,through two decades and into the third, where it is stopped and theplunger located in the orifice marked I (Fig. 2). v

This done, the plate which was set at presents a +4 value index faceopposite the tens feeler of the same order, and a 5 value opposite theunits feeler connected with the next lower registering order. The platewhich was set at 4 presents a +3 value to the tens feeler of its order,

and a- 2 value to the units feeler which registers in the next lowerorder; that is, the partial product plates of the carriage have been setas follows:

Tens 0 0+4+3 o 0 Units 0 0- 5 2 o 0 Now, since the units feeler leversare each connected for registration upon the wheel of the nextlowerorder, these values are registered as o o+4'+s o o 0 0 3 7 8 0 0This registration is effected by swinging the rocking frame H6rearwardly and forwardly once, as is customary in machines of this type.Since there are more feeler levers 529, 5.30 than there are sets ofpartial product disks in the car- .riage, the feelers beyond thecarriage range must be considered. A projection 588 (Figs. 1 and 2) isprovided on the left hand end frame 515 of the carriage which willprevent movement of the units feeler adjacent the left of the carriage.A similar projection 588 is provided 'on'the right end frame 5 toprevent movement of the next Clockwise movement of Q be:

adjacent tens feeler to the right of the carriage, whenever the crank504 is positioned in an orifice 5"! representing one of the multiplierdigits 1 to 9. These two projections cooperate with the tens and unitsstops respectively of the plates 5| l, and. may be considered as partialproduct plates having a fixed value of 0.

All the rest of the feelers beyond the range of the carriage will befree to move the full extent of their movement of nine steps, thesemovements effectively cancelling out, so that the whole action of thefirst cycle of operation is as follows:

0 0 5 4 0 0 Multiplicand 7 XmultiplicrofZinhundredsoi-der +9QMLOO'iSOOLILlJDTeDS 9 9 0|000520 0|99Unlts 0 0 00 0 3 7 8 0 0 0 0Partial product registration carriage range O eo awe

The accumulated product of both cycles would 0 0 0 0 0 3 7 8 O 0 0 0First partial product registration +0 0 0-0 0 0 0 l 6 2 0 0Secondpartialproductreslgtration Any tens transfer would be taken careof by the transfer mechanism inherent in the register, as fullydescribed in United States Patent No. 1,828,180.

It is to be noted that the units feeler related to the highest orderaccumulator wheel and the tens feeler related to the lowest orderaccumulator wheel never come'under the control of a partial productplate.

' Pam-mic Mscnamsm As stated above, this invention includes theprovision of means whereby factors and products may be printed throughthe gtens registering input leg of the differential actuating mechanism.In this simplified showing of Part I, the printing of the factors hasbeen omitted for the sake of cleamess, a latch 21! being provided tolock the printing hammers H5 in normal position during multiplyingoperations. The printing of totals, however, is shown. so that theessentials of combining printing mechanism with a multiplying- 601having a helically arranged row of pins i acting to trip the latchingdogs ill successively from right to left of the machine, as set forth inthe reference patents and hereinafter more It is to be noted that eachwheel is provided with twoof these stop projections 451 instead of withbut one as in the patents cited. This results from a change made toreduce the overall swing of segment 6l0, by providing the registeringwheel with twenty value positions instead of ten; that is, onerevolution of the wheel carries the wheel twice through the digit seriesto 9.

When the zeroizing operation has progressed to the left hand side of themachine a total printing cycle of operation is performed, whereuponframe 6|6 will carry the dogs Bil counter-clockwise, as viewed in Fig.1, so that they will snap under the stop members BI! and studs 659 oflevers 500.

The type bars 6 are pivotally secured to the rearward arm of levers 500and will thus be moved to printing position during the totalizingoperation, the usual printing hammers I I5 being tripped near the end ofthe forward stroke of the( cycle of operation to print the total.

Upon return movement offrame 6 I 8, the levers 500, segments Elli andtotal stops H3 will be restored to normal position.

Since a total taking operation is performed through the tens legs onlyof the differentials, the following means are provided for locking theunits lugs during total taking: I

Fulcrumed upon a shaft 824,15 a lever 625, the forward a with the totalkey 218. Upon depression of key 218 lever 625 will be rockedcounter-clockwise (Fig. 1) about shaft 824 to bring the surface 621 ofsaid lever into the path of movement of the transverse bail 50'!previously described, locking of which has link connection 625' a resumeof the successive actions of the different machine elements in effectinga multiplication.

Nonmar. Annrrrons AND Suaraacrxons lator during the upward stroke orsubtractively by engagement thereof during the downward stroke ofreciprocatory actuating segments 6H).

said bail against forward movement and also,

through links 584, locking the units legs 505 of the differentials.

In Part II it will be shown how additions and subtractions may be madedirectly from a keyboard setting, independently of the stepped partialproduct plates.

PART 11 Auroma'rrc MULTIPLYING MACHINE The automatic multiplying machineherein disclosed is a twelve bank adding lister wherein the seven lefthand columns of digit keys aroused; to set up the muitiplicand andthefive right hand columns for setting up the multiplier, the

chine will automatically compute the product,

performing one cycle of operation relative to each order of themultiplier wherein a' value other than zero has been stored.

Suitable program means under control of the record platen carriage 5 isprovided, to adjust the accumulators 413 in the manner appropriate tothe different steps of the calculation.

At the end of the specification will be found The segments arereciprocated by movement of a rock shaft 3M (see particularly PatentsNo.

' 1,867,002 and No. 1,932,013) preferably driven by an electric motor48, said rock shaft having a cam SIB (Figs. 6 and 20) adapted to movethe rocking frame SIB, thereby cooperating with the springs 683' (Fig.6) of the tens legs 500 of the differentials previously described toeflect movement of the segments BID. The extent of move- .ment of eachsegment 6H) is normally limited by engagement of a stop bar BIS, carriedby an upwardly extending arm 5000. of the tens leg of the differential,with the lower end of a depressed key 2l5 whereby the extent of thismovement will correspond to the value of such depressed key, the unitsleg 505' of the differential being normally held in zero position bymeans of a transverse bail 628.

Depression of a key 2l5 will also operate a slide plate fill of therelated column to release column latch 2, adapted to hold bars 6l5 inrearward or zero position. Type bars ii I are connected with-therearwardly extending arms of levers 500! and are raised thereby to bringthe appropriate type to the printing line. Before the return of theadjusted segments by the frame GIG, spring type hammers H5 will bereleased by triggers IN, to print the item on a record sheet supportedin the transversely shiftable platen carriage 5 (Figs. 5 and 11), Thetype hammers H5 are adapted to be operated by spring actuators 100, butare normally held in tensioned position by triggers Illl. When a typebar is lifted a tripping finger I02 is allowed to move 4 into engagementwith the corresponding trigger cam "14 (Fig. 10). 4

Pnocnsu Means son SaLncrmo Accmmurons an "I, and at the end of theforward rotation of shaft 30'', a frameupon which the tripp n fingersare mounted is moved forwardly, releasing the hammers from thosetriggers which have been engaged by the'flngers 102. In order to printthe'zero characters in the lower order places wherein no amountfroni-lto 9 has been set up, the higher order triggers 10] are p vided withoffsets 103 (Figs. 6 and '1) lying in the planes of and designed to tripthe lower order triggers.

The hammers are restored and relatched during the returnrotation ofshaft 301' by means of a bail I01 operated through a Cmrmcrsn orREGISTRATION A tabulating bar I (Fig. 8 and Patent No. 1,946,572) issupported within the frames of the Y platen carriage 5 and is provided-with a series of notches 2, spaced in accordance with the columnarrulings of a given form sheet,-and adapted by engagement with aprojection 8 of a lover I to secure the carriage against lateral.

movement under influence of the.

shifting means" (not shown) reciprocatory usual sprin As described inPatent No. 1,946,572, the adjustment of platen carriage to a tabulatedposition will impart reciprocatory movement to a lever 20 upon which ismounted a stud 23 adapted to trip the one cycle register selecting ing apin 31 of clutch releasing ball 39 to initiate operation of the onecycle clutch 24, having :onnection through gear train 50 with the motorDuring this movement of plate 33 an arm 59 of said plate will engageprojection 60 of a lever 5| (Fig. 11), rocking said lever about itsfulcrum 62 to cause an insulated roller 63 to close the contact points84 (Fig. 14) of switch 85, interposed in the circuit of electric motor48.

At the completion of an accumulator selecting cycle a cam 55 (Fig. 9)driven by the clutch 24 will act to restore plate 33 to normal position.

Operation of clutch 24 is adapted to impart counter-clockwise movementto a crank (Fig. 10).

In each tabulated position of carriage 5 appropriate index perforations8| (Fig. 19) of a arm 58 tubular bar 82, supported in the framing of thecarriage 5 (Fig. 9), will be positioned opposite plungers 83, 84 and 85,each plunger serving to control the setting of one of the threeaccumulators 413'. Upon engagement of clutch 24,

these plungers willbe yieldably driven toward bar 82, by means of a rockarm 69, having link connection 61 with crank arm 58. The margins ofperforations 8| will variably limit the rearward movement of saidplungers and correspondingly adjust cams l3 and 14 (Fig. 10) related toeach plunger, to, cooperate with a roller ll of rock arm 58. Adjustmentof cams l3 and 14 relative set control devices to different positionsrelative to cam arms 3|6 and 320 secured to rock shaft 315 1 ma;

Normally these control devices are set to provide for additiveregistration, wherein the surface I23 of plate H9 is rocked free of thecollar cams 438 to disengage the accumulator during the first part of anoperative cycle of the machine, before the reciprocatory racks BIO areallowed to move, the plate being moved to re-engage the accumulatorwhile the racks lie in their extreme operated position.

Upon return movement of the racks the value set in the keyboard will beadditively transferred to the accumulator.

The program for automatic multiplication is as follows:

The platen carriage 5 having been manually or automatically set to theright hand tabulated position, the index bar 82-will provide for anonoperative condition of all of the accumulators 413' during thepreliminary factor installing cycle of operation, during whichcycle-values are set up on multiplicand storage disks 5" (Figs.

6, 15, 16 and 20) and multiplier storage plates 52'! (Figs. 6, 15 and18) and are printed upon the record sheet. Near the end of this cycletheplaten carriage will be automatically shifted to a second tabulatedposition wherein index bar 82 provides for additive adjustment of theproduct accumulator during multiplying cycles. Upon completion pf thefinal order multiplying operation the platen carriage will be shifted toa third position, wherein the product. accumulator will *be engaged fortotal taking and one or more other accumulators may be brought intooperative position by the program bar 82 to receive the product by atransfer operation. A total taking cycle of subtractive operation willbe initiated by the automatic depression of total key 218' Fig. 13)following the multiplying cycle.

TOTAL PRINTING As previously described a total is taken by successivelyreleasing the segments 580' (Fig. 6) of the differentials and allowingthem, through 'segments 6"), to rotate the accumulators subtractivelyuntil suitable projections on the accumulator wheels contact with zerostops. This will set the total into the type bars, and the hammers willbe tripped to print the total. The segments are then re-engaged with theoscillating frame H5 and during the return stroke of said frame aremoved rearwardlyto normal position, the accumulator wheels beingdisengaged from the racks before the return stroke is made,

whereby the accumulator which. has been totalized will remain at zero.

The machine is set for reverse or subtractive operation (described inPatents No. 1,867,002 and g No. 1,932,013) by contact of the total key218' accumulators will not be disengaged at the bewith cam arm 320, willdisengage the active ac-.

cumulator from the segments. The described setting of plate 325 alsodisplaces the rear cam follower of rocker 325. At the end of the cycleof operation the pin 35., fast to reciprocating cam 3i8 (Fig. 11) willcontact with arm 322 and restore rocker 325.

Depression of the total key 218' will not only trip the column latches 2(Fig. 6), through pin .253 and rocker 22'! (Figs. 6 and 13), but willalso trip a latch' 620 (Fig. 13 and Patent No. 1,932,013), throughoperation of a lever 206 and a control arm '62l pivotally connected tosaid latch. Latch 620 normally engages a lug on total segment H8,preventing movement of said se ment under the influence of total spring58L Upontripping of the latch, segment 5|! will operate a shaft having ahelically arranged row cumulator wheels.

when this zeroizing operation has progressed

